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How Does ADHD Medication Work? When one neuron sends an electrical signal to another, it uses neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that act as. These chemicals must travel through a tiny gap known as a synapse. Certain ADHD medications can increase the efficiency of these messages. They either help neurons release more neurotransmitters or slow down the process of reuptake (called reuptake inhibitors). Doctors start ADHD patients with a low dose and monitor their reaction. They gradually adjust the dosage to find the “sweet spot,” the lowest dose that shows a noticeable improvement in symptoms, and has a few adverse effects. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is the first drug that doctors attempt to use to help ADHD children, is usually Methylphenidate. It increases the amount of norepinephrine as well as dopamine in children's brains, which aids them in paying attention and stay focused. It also reduces their impulsivity and hyperactivity. It is important to remember that methylphenidate is a controlled drug and should only be used under a doctor's supervision. Ritalin is the most commonly used methylphenidate drug. It is available in tablets that release immediately as well as chewable tablets and capsules. Some versions of this medication contain the artificial sweetener aspartame, which can be dangerous for people with phenylketonuria (an inherited condition that causes severe intellectual disability). Be sure to inform your doctor about any food allergies you or your child may have. Researchers have discovered that methylphenidate can reduce aberrant activity, especially in the accumbens nucleus as well as a set of brain networks that are involved in regulating adaptive control. This may explain why methylphenidate has been proven to be among the most effective medications in treating ADHD. Stimulants can trigger side effects that can include loss of appetite, sleepiness, stomach upset headache, anxiety, anxiety, and antics. These aren't common however they can be serious. If they occur you should contact your doctor immediately. Tell your doctor about any heart disease, allergies depression, bipolar disorders or other mental health issues, glaucoma or seizures. Also, tell them whether your child or you have a history. It is important to take your methylphenidate in accordance with the prescription of your doctor. Amphetamines Amphetamines can help you focus on your thoughts and ignore distractions by speeding up the messages between brain cells. They are the most frequently prescribed medications to treat ADHD in adults and children. They increase the amount of neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain. Amphetamines are available in short-acting (immediate release) and intermediate- or long-acting versions. They can be taken either orally or via injection. Some people are afflicted by the side effects of stimulant medication, such as restlessness or difficulties sleeping, or an increased heart rate or high blood pressure. Your doctor will be able to monitor your symptoms and adjust the dosage to find the best one for you. Some people may need to take a mixture of medicines to achieve the desired effect. Stimulant drugs affect two neurotransmitters that are essential to the pre-frontal cortex. This is the brain region that regulates emotions and regulate your behavior. These drugs are prescribed to treat a wide range of mental health disorders that include ADD/ADHD, as well as other conditions such as bipolar disorder, narcolepsy, and eating disorders. Amphetamines as well as methylphenidates are the most popular stimulant drugs. The FDA has approved a variety of brand-name stimulants for treating ADHD. They are available in a variety of types, from short-acting up to long-acting, and are administered either orally or via injection. Amphetamines are frequently misused by teens who use them to keep awake and concentrate for tests or by truck drivers and students who require more energy for endurance sports. They can also trigger psychological and physical problems if used in excess, particularly with higher doses. Non-stimulant medications can also be effective in treating ADHD. These include atomoxetine, clonidine, and Guanfacine. adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication are in the same class as antidepressants and belong to the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists classes. They function using the same chemical as stimulants, but they are less likely to make tics worse, which is a problem for those suffering from Tourette's syndrome. Short-acting stimulants These medications are used to treat teenagers and children with ADHD. These medications can be taken orally or applied to the skin. They are available in liquids and patches and pills that can either be chewed or swallowed. They are typically only available on prescription. These include methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin (Concerta, Focalin (Daytrana) and amphetamines (Adderall (Dexedrine, Vyvanse)). Short-acting stimulants perform quickly and last from 3 to 6 hours. These drugs ease symptoms for 70 percent to 80% of adults and kids with ADHD. They can reduce the need to fidget and interruptions, and make it easier to complete tasks. They can also improve relationships and academic performance. They can't address the root issues that create ADHD. So it's important to use them along with behavior therapy. It's important to know that ADHD medication can cause adverse effects. You may feel drowsy or cranky. You may also feel sleepy. These effects are usually minimal and disappear when the medication is gone from your system. Your doctor may ask you to take a small dose at first and then gradually increase it. They'll monitor how the medication affects your child or you, and check for any issues. It can take some time to determine the best medication and dose for you or your child. It is best to communicate openly with your health care team. They might suggest changes to how often you or your child takes the medication, or even if it's needed at all. They'll also be looking to determine whether you or your child has any other mental or medical health conditions. Intermediate stimulants Stimulants control ADHD symptoms by altering neurotransmitter activity in the brain. This can increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemicals that are essential for the functioning of the pre-frontal cortex of the brain (think of it as your “secretary” in the executive function part of your brain). The majority of children who suffer from ADHD respond well to stimulant medication. Your doctor will work with you to figure out which kind of medication and dose is right for you. You may need to try various kinds of medication before you can find the one that is suitable for you or your kids. These stimulants can be taken in liquid or chewable tablet form. These drugs perform quickly and last for three to four hours. There are some people who experience problems when the medicine wears off, which is called the “crash effect.” This typically results in a sharp drop in energy, and may cause intense hunger. There are also long-acting stimulants like dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These are a little more complex and require a prescription. They are injected into bloodstreams and are then converted from inactive active in red blood cells. It takes time to determine the right dosage, medication, and schedule for your child or you. Your doctor will monitor your reaction to the medication, and look for any problems like trouble sleeping. If you or your child are not responding well to stimulants, they will also discuss non-stimulant medication. Do not stop or alter your ADHD medications without first consulting with your doctor. Tell your doctor if you take any over-the counter medications or supplements, as some can interact with ADHD medications. Long-acting stimulants For 70-80% of adults and children with ADHD stimulant medication is effective in decreasing hyperactivity, interrupting behavior, fidgeting and impulsivity. They can also help people concentrate, complete tasks, and maintain relationships. They can't help with moodiness, or other troubling symptoms. They can also trigger adverse effects like loss of appetite, insomnia and jitteriness. They can also cause stomachaches, changes in the heart rhythm and high blood pressure. These drugs work in phases to treat ADHD symptoms all day long. The majority of these medications begin to work in 30 to 60 minutes and fade after 3 to 6 hours. They can be used on their own or in conjunction with other types of ADHD treatment, like behavioral therapy. Some of these stimulants with long-acting effects like Atomoxetine (Strattera) and Guanfacine-ER (Intuniv) are able to last through the night and into the morning. Some doctors recommend using them to fill up an afternoon trough, so patients do not require an additional dose at school or afterschool. Long-acting stimulants don't increase dopamine levels to the same degree as intermediate- or short-acting drugs. However, they still do so significantly. They don't have the same rebound effects as shorter-acting stimulants. Due to the potential for adverse effects Because of the potential for side effects, long-acting stimulants are generally prescribed as a second-line treatment for adults and teens suffering from ADHD. However, they can be used as a first-line treatment to those with ADHD who haven't been able to respond to other medications. Although medication can aid in improving concentration and self control however, it's not the only option for people suffering from ADHD. With the help of a good night's eating habits, regular sleep and other self-help methods, it is often possible to reduce, or even eliminate, the need for ADHD medication.